The main goal of my Ph.D. project is to build a database on diversity of Tiger spiders in southern Western Ghats, one of the biodiversity hotspots of the world. This is an important task inevitable to check alarming biodiversity loss in vogue in this part of the earth. Currently, molecular systematic methods have been applied in most fields of biology to provide an evolutionary framework whenever comparisons are made among individuals, populations, or higher taxa. It is saddening to observe that India, with its rich diversity of spider fauna, has contributed nothing to this promising enterprise of molecular systematics of spiders. Considering this fact, a pioneering work on the diversity of tiger spiders in the southern Western Ghats, with sequencing of its mitochondrial DNA is being proposed with the aim of molecular phylogeny. It is expected that the study will expose the original status of this group of spiders in this biodiversity hot spot and bring this otherwise neglected animal group on to the conservation radar screen. This study is an implementation of Gene to Ecosystem concept in Biodiversity Conservation and Prospecting.