This Specific Targeted Research Project on Fisheries-induced Evolution (FinE) will contribute - in the context of the EU Programme on Integrating and Strengthening the European Research Area; Priority 8.1 on Policy-oriented Research; Activity I on Sustainable Management of Europeís Natural Resources; and Topic 1.3 on Modernisation and Sustainability of Fisheries, including aquaculture-based production systems - to Task 2 on Fisheries-induced Changes in the Adaptive Genetic Potential of Exploited Fish Stocks. Phenotypic case studies will document trends in life-history traits, including maturation, reproductive effort, and growth, relevant for the demography and productivity of exploited fish populations. Genetic analyses will elucidate the genetic basis of fisheries-induced evolutionary changes suggested by phenotypic analysis. Eco-genetic models will be designed for evaluating alternative hypotheses explaining the observed data; for assessing the ecological consequences of fisheries-induced evolution for the yield, stability, and recovery potential of exploited stocks; and for developing and comparing practical management options.